Vernonia calvoana (Hook.f.) Hook.f.
subsp. meridionalis (Wild) C. Jeffrey

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Shelf above western side lower Vanduzi Valley, Mt Gorongosa.

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Synonyms:	Baccharoides calvoana (Hook. f.) Isawumi, El-Ghazaly & B. Nord. subsp. meridionalis (Wild) Isawumi, El-Ghazaly & B. Nord. Vernonia hymenolepis A. Rich. subsp. meridionalis Wild Vernonia leucocalyx sensu Coates Palgrave (1983)
Common names:	Long-flowering vernonia (English)
Frequency:	Locally common
Status:	Native
Description:	Shrub, up to 4 m high. Leaves lanceolate to ovate up to 16 × 6 cm, rough and puckered above with scattered hairs, pale greyish-green and more or less densely hairy below; base decurrent, sometimes appearing winged; margin irregularly toothed. Capitula in dense terminal heads, surrounded by several series of papery white, petal-like involucral bracts. Florets mauve-purple.
Notes:	This species is known to bear some flowers at any time of the year
Derivation of specific name:
Habitat:	Along roadsides, in grassland and on forest margins.
Altitude range:
Flowering time:	Dec - Apr
Worldwide distribution:	Eastern Zimbabwe and adjacent areas in Mozambique, including Mt Gorongosa.
Mozambique distribution:	MS
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:	Near Endemic
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Content last updated:	Saturday 25 August 2012
Literature:	Burrows, J.E., Burrows, S.M., Lötter, M.C. & Schmidt, E. (2018). Trees and Shrubs Mozambique Publishing Print Matters (Pty), Cape Town. Page 1026. As Baccharoides calvoana subsp. meridionalis (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 57. As Vernonia calvoana meridonalis Darbyshire, I., Timberlake, J., Osborne, J., Rokni, S., Matimele, H., Langa. C., Datizua, C., de Sousa, C., Alves, T., Massingue, A., Hadj-Hammou, J., Dhanda, S., Shah, T., Wursten, B. (2019). The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation status Phytotaxa 136 Page 81. Drummond, R.B. (1975). A list of trees, shrubs and woody climbers indigenous or naturalised in Rhodesia. Kirkia 10(1) Page 277. as Vernonia bracteosa Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 29. Pope, G.V. (1992). Compositae Flora Zambesiaca 6(1) Pages 126 - 133. (Includes a picture). Steedman, E.C. (1933). Some Trees, Shrubs and Lianes of Southern Rhodesia. Page 84. As Vernonia leucocalyx Wild, H. (1978). New and interesting Vernonia species from the Flora Zambesiaca area Kirkia 11(1) Pages 15 - 16. as Vernonia hymenolepis subsp. meridionalis Wursten, B., Timberlake, J. & Darbyshire, I. (2017). The Chimanimani Mountains: an updated checklist. Kirkia 19(1) Page 90.

Other sources of information about Vernonia calvoana subsp. meridionalis:

Our websites:

Flora of Zimbabwe: Vernonia calvoana subsp. meridionalis

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Vernonia calvoana
African Plant Database: Vernonia calvoana
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Vernonia calvoana
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Vernonia calvoana
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Vernonia calvoana
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Vernonia calvoana
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Vernonia calvoana
JSTOR Plant Science: Vernonia calvoana
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Vernonia calvoana
Plants of the World Online: Vernonia calvoana
Tropicos: Vernonia calvoana
Wikipedia: Vernonia calvoana