Synonyms: |
Rauvolfia inebrians K. Schum. Rauvolfia natalensis Sond. |
Common names: | Quinine tree (English) |
Frequency: | |
Status: | Native |
Description: |
Medium-sized evergreen tree. Leaves in whorls of 3-5, near the ends of branches, lanceolate to oblong, glossy dark green, slightly paler below. Flowers in terminal, branched inflorescences, small, white. Fruit in pendulous clusters, not always paired as often only one carpel develops, green. |
Type location: |
South Africa |
Notes: | |
Derivation of specific name: | afra: African |
Habitat: | In riverine and evergreen forest. |
Altitude range: (metres) | |
Flowering time: | Aug - Oct |
Worldwide distribution: | Widespread in tropical Africa from West Africa and Sudan south to South Africa |
FZ divisions: | N,Z,T,MS,M |
Growth form(s): | Tree. |
Endemic status: | |
Red data list status: | |
Insects associated with this species: | Daphnis nerii (Larval foodplant) |
Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
Literature: |
Beentje, H. (2021). Apocynaceae, sous-familes I. Apocynoideae et II. Rauvolfioideae Flore d' Afrique Centrale Jardin botanique de Meise Pages 24 - 25. as Rauvolfia caffra (Includes a picture). Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 73. as Rauvolfia caffra (Includes a picture). Burrows, J.E., Burrows, S.M., Lötter, M.C. & Schmidt, E. (2018). Trees and Shrubs Mozambique Publishing Print Matters (Pty), Cape Town. Page 800. as Rauvolfia caffra (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 47. as Rauvolfia caffra Coates Palgrave, K. (revised and updated by Meg Coates Palgrave) (2002). Trees of Southern Africa 3rd edition. Struik, South Africa Page 957. as Rauvolfia caffra (Includes a picture). Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 27. as Rauvolfia caffra Dowsett-Lemaire, F. (1989). The flora and phytogeography of the evergreen forests of Malawi. I: Afromontane and mid-altitude forests; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 59(1/2) Page 19. as Rauvolfia caffra Drummond, R.B. (1975). A list of trees, shrubs and woody climbers indigenous or naturalised in Rhodesia. Kirkia 10(1) Page 269. as Rauvolfia caffra Drummond, R.B. (1981). Common Trees of the Central Watershed Woodlands of Zimbabwe. Natural Resources Board, Harare. Pages 194 - 195. as Rauvolfia caffra (Includes a picture). Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. & Kupicha, F.K. et al. (1985). Apocynaceae Flora Zambesiaca 7(2) Pages 460 - 462. as Rauvolfia caffra (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 19. as Rauvolfia caffra Meerts, P. & Hasson, M. (2016). Arbres et arbustes du Haut-Katanga Jardin Botanique Meise, Belgique Page 259. as Rauvolfia caffra (Includes a picture). Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 26. as Rauvolfia caffra Schmidt, E., Lötter, M. & McCleland, W. (2002). Trees and shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park Jacana, Johannesburg, South Africa Pages 562 - 565. as Rauvolfia caffra (Includes a picture). Siebert, S. & Mössmer, M. (Editors) (2002). SABONET Southern Mozambique Expedition 2001; Provisional Plant Checklist of the Maputo Elephant Reserve (MER) and Licuati Forest Reserve (LFR) SABONET News 7(1) Page 23. as Rauvolfia caffra Steedman, E.C. (1933). Some Trees, Shrubs and Lianes of Southern Rhodesia. Pages 69 - 70. Rauvolfia inebrians (Includes a picture). Strugnell, A.M. (2006). A Checklist of the Spermatophytes of Mount Mulanje, Malawi Scripta Botanica Belgica 34 National Botanic Garden of Belgium Page 44. as Rauvolfia caffra Timberlake, J.R., Bayliss, J., Dowsett-Lemaire, F., Congdon, C., Branch, B., Collins, S., Curran, M., Dowsett, R,J., Fishpool, L., Francisco, J., Harris, Kopp, M. & de Sousa, C. (2012). Mt Mabu, Mozambique: Biodiversity and Conservation Report produced under the Darwin Initiative Award 15/036. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London Page 72. as Rauvolfia caffra Van Wyk, B. & Van Wyk, P. (2013). Field Guide to Trees of Southern Africa (Second edition) Struik, South Africa Pages 422 - 423. as Rauvolfia caffra (Includes a picture). Vollesen, K. & Merrett, L. (2019). Field Guide to the (wetter) Zambian Miombo Woodland. Part 2 (Dicots) GVPedia Communications Page 797. as Rauvolfia caffra (Includes a picture). White, F. (1962). Forest Flora of Northern Rhodesia Oxford Univ. Press. Page 351. as Rauvolfia caffra White, F., Dowsett-Lemaire, F. & Chapman, J.D. (2001). Evergreen forest flora of Malawi Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Pages 142 - 144. as Rauvolfia caffra |