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Encephalartos manikensis
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Photo: Stefaan Dondeyne
Mt Garuzo, Manica
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| Synonyms: |
Encephalartos gratus Prain var. manikensis Gilliland |
| Common names: | Gorongowe cycad (English) Manica cycad (English) |
| Frequency: | Local |
| Status: | Native |
| Description: |
Cycad with a stem up to 1.5 m. Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate to oblong in outline, 100-190 cm, with c. 60 pairs of pinnae, lower pairs reduced to prickles. Largest pinnae 12-15 × 2-2.5 cm, lanceolate-ovate, ending in a forward directed spine and 1 or 2 spines on the upper and lower margins. Male cones 1-4 together, 25-60 cm tall on a peduncle of 5-15 cm. Scales slightly spaced when mature, subrectangular. Female cone c. 30-45 × 20-25 cm, loosely woolly. Seeds more or less ovoid, 2.5-3.5 cm. |
| Notes: | |
| Derivation of specific name: | manikensis: named after the Manica districts of eastern Zimbabwe and western Mozambique where this species occurs |
| Habitat: | |
| Altitude range: | |
| Flowering time: | |
| Worldwide distribution: | Zimbabwe and Mozambique |
| Mozambique distribution: | MS |
| Growth form(s): | Tree, shrub over 2 m. |
| Endemic status: | |
| Red data list status: | Lower Risk - near threatened |
| Insects associated with this species: | |
| Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
| Content last updated: | Tuesday 24 July 2012 |
| Literature: |
Burrows, J.E., Burrows, S.M., Lötter, M.C. & Schmidt, E. (2018). Trees and Shrubs Mozambique Publishing Print Matters (Pty), Cape Town. Page 33. (Includes a picture). Coates Palgrave, K. (revised and updated by Meg Coates Palgrave) (2002). Trees of Southern Africa 3rd edition. Struik, South Africa Page 84. (Includes a picture). Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 17. Drummond, R.B. (1975). A list of trees, shrubs and woody climbers indigenous or naturalised in Rhodesia. Kirkia 10(1) Page 231. Dyer, R.A. & Verdoorn, I.C. (1969). Encephalartos manikensis and its near allies Kirkia 7(1) Pages 150 - 151. (Includes a picture). Golding, J.S. (ed.) (2002). Zimbabwe Plant Red Data List. Southern African Plant Red Data Lists. SABONET 14 Page 55. Goode, D. (1989). Cycads of Africa Struik, Cape Town Pages 166 - 171. (Includes a picture). Kimberley, M.J. (1979). Cycads in Zimbabwe Excelsa 9 Pages 12 - 13. (Includes a picture). Lewis, J. (1960). Cycadaceae (including Zamiaceae) Flora Zambesiaca 1(1) Page 82. Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 12. |
Other sources of information about Encephalartos manikensis:
Our websites:
Flora of Zimbabwe: Encephalartos manikensisFlora of Zimbabwe: cultivated Encephalartos manikensis
External websites:
African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Encephalartos manikensisBHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Encephalartos manikensis
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Encephalartos manikensis
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Encephalartos manikensis
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Encephalartos manikensis
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Encephalartos manikensis
JSTOR Plant Science: Encephalartos manikensis
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Encephalartos manikensis
Plants of the World Online: Encephalartos manikensis
Tropicos: Encephalartos manikensis
Wikipedia: Encephalartos manikensis
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