Acacia afra (Thunb.) Willd.

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Synonyms: Senegalia afra (Thunb.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.
Common names: Common hook-thorn (English)
Frequency:
Status:
Description:
Shrub or small tree with a narrow crown. Bark not peeling. Prickles mostly in pairs, sometimes scattered. Leaves: petiole 1.3-3.5 cm long gland near the base of the pinnae small or absent; lamina large, drooping, 15-20 × 6 cm with 10-20 pairs of pinnae; leaflets 2-7 mm long. Spikes of creamy-white flowers clustered at the junction of the new year’s growth with the old. Pods brown, straight.
Type location:
Notes:
Derivation of specific name: afra: from (Southern) African.
Habitat:
Altitude range: (metres)
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution: Namibia, Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa and Eswatini.
FZ divisions: M
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters: Display spot characters for this species
Literature:

Brenan, J.P.M. (1970). Mimosoideae Flora Zambesiaca 3(1) Pages 72 - 73.

Burrows, J.E., Burrows, S.M., Lötter, M.C. & Schmidt, E. (2018). Trees and Shrubs Mozambique Publishing Print Matters (Pty), Cape Town. Page 201. (Includes a picture).

Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 44.

Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 59.

Timberlake, J., Fagg, C. & Barnes, R. (1999). Field Guide to the Acacias of Zimbabwe CBC Publishing, Harare Pages 42 - 43. (Includes a picture).


Other sources of information about Acacia afra:

Our websites:

Flora of Botswana: Acacia afra
Flora of Zimbabwe: Acacia afra

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Acacia afra
African Plant Database: Acacia afra
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Acacia afra
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Acacia afra
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Acacia afra
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Acacia afra
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Acacia afra
JSTOR Plant Science: Acacia afra
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Acacia afra
Plants of the World Online: Acacia afra
Tropicos: Acacia afra
Wikipedia: Acacia afra


Copyright: Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings and Meg Coates Palgrave, 2007-25

Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M. (2025). Flora of Mozambique: Species information: Acacia afra.
https://www.mozambiqueflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=125820, retrieved 18 September 2025

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